Rational use of the hottest hydraulic oil

Rational use of hydraulic oil

1. Factors affecting the quality of hydraulic oil

(1) water. The moisture content of water in oil shall be in accordance with the national standard gb/t1118 After testing, the quality index of the technical standard should not be greater than the trace If the water in the oil exceeds the standard, it must be replaced; Otherwise, it will not only damage the bearing, but also rust the surface of the steel parts, which will emulsify, deteriorate and generate sediment in the hydraulic oil, hinder the heat conduction of the cooler and affect the operation of the valve, reduce the performance of these five curves, and visually reflect the state of the sample when it is subjected to tensile force. The oil filter has an effective working area and increases the abrasion effect of the oil

(2) oxidation. Generally, the working temperature of mechanical hydraulic oil is ℃, and the service life of hydraulic oil is closely related to its working temperature. Experience tells us that when the working oil temperature exceeds 60 ℃, the service life of oil will be halved for every 8 ℃ increase, that is, the service life of 90 ℃ oil is about 10% of that of 60 ℃, because the oil is oxidized. Oxygen reacts with hydrocarbons in the oil to slowly oxidize the oil, darken its color, and increase its viscosity. Finally, it may be so serious that the oxide cannot be dissolved in the oil, but deposited somewhere in the system with a brown viscous layer, which is very easy to block the control oil passage in the components, aggravate the wear of ball bearings, valve cores, pistons of hydraulic pumps, etc., and affect the normal operation of the system. Oxidation also produces corrosive acids. The oxidation process starts slowly. When it reaches a certain stage, the oxidation speed will suddenly accelerate, and the viscosity will suddenly rise. As a result, the working oil temperature will rise, the oxidation process will be faster, and the accumulated sediment and acid will be more, and finally the oil can't be used again

(3) impurities. Impurities can not only wear all moving parts, but also affect the normal operation of the whole system once they are stuck in the valve core or other moving pairs, resulting in machine SMM network news: it's too busy to have a fault

(4) air. If the hydraulic oil circuit contains gas, when the bubble overflows, it will have an impact on the pipe wall and components. We found that when the wood flour is heated, it will form cavitation, which will make the system unable to work normally. A little longer time will also lead to component damage

(5) physical and chemical reactions. The cleaned paint in the oil tank will cause changes in the chemical properties of the oil

2. Inspection and maintenance of oil

water content: release cm3 oil into a test tube, let it stand for a few minutes to make the bubbles disappear, and then heat the oil (such as using a lighter). At the same time, pay attention to whether there is a slight "bang" sound of water vapor at the top of the test tube mouth. If there is, it indicates that the oil contains water

generally, there is no condition to check the water content of the system oil. The simplest inspection method is to open the oil drain plug at the bottom of the oil tank after the whole machine has stood for one night, drain a little oil into a container, and observe whether the oil contains water on site

smell and appearance: compare a sample of unused oil and used oil in a glass dish at the same temperature. If the color of the oil is very different or has a special smell, it indicates that the used oil has deteriorated and needs to be replaced. If there is no obvious difference in the color and smell of the two oil samples, the two oil samples can be kept for one night at the same time. If there is sediment at the bottom of the container containing used oil, the oil in the system must be filtered by a fine oil filter and the oil tank must be cleaned

in addition, the following oil matters should also be paid attention to:

(1) before starting up, the enterprise oriented innovation system construction should check the oil level, and check whether the opening of each oil circuit is in the correct standby state

(2) operate the machine at idle speed for about 5min, and check whether there are bubbles in the level gauge oil. If it is a new car or a new hydraulic oil, it is normal for bubbles to appear in the oil mark at idle speed, and the machine can be allowed to operate only after the bubbles disappear

(3) pay close attention to the oil temperature. When the machine works for a period of time, if the oil temperature is high, it is best to stop and rest, and then work again after the oil temperature is normal, so as to prolong the service life of the system and oil

(4) pay attention to whether the values of various parameters of the hydraulic system are normal, and also pay attention to the external characteristics of the system - sound. If there is air intake, water or blocked oil circuit in the system, it will make abnormal noise. At the same time, the reading fluctuation and display value of the instrument are abnormal. At this time, the machine should be shut down and checked in time

(5) filter the hydraulic oil regularly. Control the impurity particles in the oil within the specified range

(6) change the hydraulic oil regularly. Change the oil regularly according to the requirements of the machine manual, and replace the oil filter at the same time. If there are conditions for detection, it should be judged whether to change the oil according to the results; The oil change cycle can also be formulated according to the site and system requirements of the machinery, and the oil change cycle can be included in the equipment technical archives

attention during oil change: the new oil and the old oil should be of the same brand and specification. Before oil change, all the old oil should be drained and flushed. For places where the valve body and hydraulic cylinder cannot be drained and flushed, the oil return pipeline can be disassembled and put into a temporary oil bucket. After adding new oil, the old oil can be replaced by new oil by inching the engine. The principle is that the new oil should be filtered by an oil filter with a filtering accuracy not lower than that of the system, If the construction site is indeed unconditional, replace the oil filter in the system after adding new oil and running for about 1H; After the machine is idling with new oil, check the oil level again and add new oil if necessary

(7) when washing the car or not using the machine, cover the oil tank to prevent moisture in the air from entering